10 Must-Visit Attractions in London

1. The Tower of London

Founded by William the Conqueror in 1066, this historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames has served as a royal palace, prison, armory, and even a zoo over its nearly thousand-year history. Today, it's home to the dazzling Crown Jewels, the legendary Yeoman Warders (or 'Beefeaters'), and the iconic ravens. According to legend, if the ravens leave the Tower, both the Tower and the kingdom will fall.

Visitor Tip: Arrive early to avoid crowds, especially for viewing the Crown Jewels. Don't miss the free Yeoman Warder tours, which provide fascinating insights into the Tower's dark and often gruesome history.

Nearest Tube Station: Tower Hill

2. The British Museum

Housing one of the world's most impressive collections of human history, culture, and art, the British Museum spans over two million years of human existence. From the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies to the Parthenon sculptures and the Sutton Hoo treasure, the museum's artifacts tell the story of civilizations from around the globe.

What makes the British Museum even more appealing to visitors is that it's completely free to enter, making it an accessible cultural experience for everyone.

Visitor Tip: The museum is vast, so consider taking a guided highlights tour or focusing on specific galleries of interest. Visit on weekday mornings for a less crowded experience.

Nearest Tube Stations: Holborn, Tottenham Court Road, Russell Square

3. Buckingham Palace

The official London residence of the British monarchy since 1837, Buckingham Palace is perhaps the most iconic royal building in the United Kingdom. While the palace serves as both home and office for the monarch, parts of it are open to visitors during the summer months when the Royal Family is typically away at their Scottish residence, Balmoral.

Even if you can't tour the State Rooms, the Changing of the Guard ceremony outside the palace is a spectacular display of British pageantry that takes place several times a week.

Visitor Tip: Check the schedule for the Changing of the Guard before visiting, as it doesn't occur daily throughout the year. For the best views, arrive at least 45 minutes before the ceremony begins.

Nearest Tube Stations: Victoria, Green Park, Hyde Park Corner

4. The Houses of Parliament and Big Ben

The Palace of Westminster, commonly known as the Houses of Parliament, is the heart of British politics and features the iconic Elizabeth Tower, which houses the famous bell known as Big Ben. The neo-Gothic architecture of this UNESCO World Heritage site is stunning, particularly when illuminated at night and reflected in the Thames.

UK residents can arrange a tour of the Houses of Parliament through their MP, while international visitors can join guided tours on select days.

Visitor Tip: For a quintessential London photo opportunity, head to Westminster Bridge or the south bank of the Thames to capture the Houses of Parliament with Big Ben in your frame.

Nearest Tube Station: Westminster

5. The London Eye

Since its opening in 2000, the London Eye has become an integral part of London's skyline. This giant Ferris wheel on the South Bank of the Thames offers unparalleled 360-degree views of London from its glass capsules, each accommodating up to 25 passengers.

A complete rotation takes about 30 minutes, giving you plenty of time to spot landmarks like Buckingham Palace, St. Paul's Cathedral, and even Windsor Castle on a clear day.

Visitor Tip: Book tickets online in advance for discounts and to avoid long queues. Consider a sunset ride for spectacular views as the city lights begin to twinkle.

Nearest Tube Station: Waterloo

6. St. Paul's Cathedral

Sir Christopher Wren's masterpiece, St. Paul's Cathedral, with its iconic dome, has dominated London's skyline for over 300 years. The cathedral has witnessed many historic events, including the wedding of Prince Charles and Princess Diana and the funeral services of Sir Winston Churchill and Margaret Thatcher.

Visitors can explore the cathedral floor, crypt, and three galleries in the dome, including the famous Whispering Gallery, where a whisper against the wall can be heard on the opposite side.

Visitor Tip: Climb to the Golden Gallery for breathtaking views of London. Photography is not allowed inside, but the exterior offers plenty of photo opportunities.

Nearest Tube Station: St. Paul's

7. Westminster Abbey

With a history stretching back over a thousand years, Westminster Abbey has been the coronation church since 1066 and the final resting place of 17 monarchs. This Gothic masterpiece has also hosted 16 royal weddings, including that of Prince William and Catherine Middleton in 2011.

Beyond its royal connections, the Abbey houses Poets' Corner, where literary giants like Geoffrey Chaucer, Charles Dickens, and Rudyard Kipling are commemorated.

Visitor Tip: Consider the multimedia guide or a verger-led tour to fully appreciate the Abbey's rich history. The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries offer panoramic views of the Abbey and Westminster.

Nearest Tube Station: Westminster

8. Tate Modern

Housed in the former Bankside Power Station, Tate Modern is Britain's national museum of modern and contemporary art. Its vast Turbine Hall has hosted some of the art world's most ambitious installations, while its permanent collection features works by Picasso, Warhol, Dalí, and many other influential artists of the 20th and 21st centuries.

The viewing level at the top of the Blavatnik Building offers 360-degree views of the London skyline, making it a popular spot for photography enthusiasts.

Visitor Tip: Entry to the main collection is free, though special exhibitions usually require tickets. Visit on weekdays or early mornings on weekends to avoid crowds.

Nearest Tube Stations: Southwark, Blackfriars

9. Covent Garden

Once a fruit and vegetable market, Covent Garden is now a vibrant shopping and entertainment hub. The covered market halls house boutique shops, craft stalls, and restaurants, while the piazza regularly features street performers and musicians.

The area is also home to the Royal Opera House, the London Transport Museum, and numerous theaters, making it a cultural hotspot in central London.

Visitor Tip: Visit in the afternoon to catch the best street performances in the piazza. Don't miss Neal's Yard, a colorful hidden courtyard just a short walk away.

Nearest Tube Station: Covent Garden

10. The Natural History Museum

With its striking Romanesque architecture and vast collection of specimens from various segments of natural history, the Natural History Museum is both educational and awe-inspiring. Highlights include the dinosaur gallery with its animatronic T-Rex, the blue whale model in the mammals hall, and the stunning Hintze Hall with its blue whale skeleton.

The museum caters to visitors of all ages with interactive exhibits and regular temporary exhibitions. Like many of London's major museums, entry is free.

Visitor Tip: Visit early on weekdays to avoid school groups. The Wildlife Garden, open from April to October, offers a peaceful retreat from the bustling museum.

Nearest Tube Station: South Kensington

Planning Your Visit

When planning your London sightseeing, consider purchasing a London Pass for discounted entry to many major attractions. London's excellent public transportation system makes getting around easy, with the Underground (Tube) being the fastest way to travel between attractions.

For budget-conscious travelers, remember that many of London's world-class museums, including the British Museum, National Gallery, and Tate Modern, offer free entry to their permanent collections.

While it might be tempting to cram as many attractions as possible into your itinerary, allow time to soak in the atmosphere of different neighborhoods, enjoy a traditional afternoon tea, or relax in one of London's beautiful royal parks.